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Johann Gerhard König (29 November 1728 – 26 June 1785) was a Baltic German botanist and physician. He was born near ''Kreutzburg'' in Polish Livonia, which is now Krustpils in Latvia.〔Various sources give his birthplace as Ungernhof (a.k.a. Lemenen), a manor belonging to the estate of Kreutzburg/Krustpils. Krustpils, which is on the north bank of the Daugava, is now part of the city of Jēkabpils, which was then ''Jakobstadt'' in Courland on the south bank. Rao (1998) places his birth in "Lenaenen in Courland (Denmark)" - that, however, being clearly erroneous〕 He was a private pupil of Carolus Linnaeus in 1757, and lived in Denmark from 1759 to 1767. From 1773 to 1785, he worked as a naturalist for the Nawab of Arcot in India. He was in Tharangambadi (Tranquebar) with the Danish trade mission from 1773 to 1785.〔Rao, B S Subba (1998) History of Entomology in India. Institution of Agricultural Technologists.〕 In 1773, he received the Doctor's degree ''in absentia'' from the University of Copenhagen. As naturalist to the Nawab of Arcot he embarked on a voyage to the mountains north of Madras and to Ceylon, a description of which was later published in a Danish scientific journal. In 1778, König was transferred to a post with the British East India Company where he remained until his death, undertaking several scientific journeys and working with notable scientists like William Roxburgh, Johan Christian Fabricius and Sir Joseph Banks. Perhaps the most notable of those journeys was to Thailand and the Malacca Straits in 1778-80. He met Patrick Russell who arrived in India in 1782 at Tranquebar and remained in constant communication. He made trips to the hills near Vellore and Ambur and in 1776 he made a trip to the Nagori hills with George Campbell. In 1784 he visited Claud Russell at Vizagapatnam on his way to Calcutta. On the way he suffered from dysentery and Roxburgh who was at Samalkota visited him. He however did not recover and died at Jagrenatporumin Kakinada,Andhrapradesh in 1785. He bequeathed his papers to Sir Joseph Banks.〔 He described many plants used in Indian Medicine. The plant genus ''Koenigia'' was named for him by Linnaeus, as was a species of curry-leaf tree ''Murraya koenigii''. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johann Gerhard König」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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